The young specialist in English Lit, ... lectured me severely on the fact that in every century people have thought they understood the Universe at last, and in every century they were proved to be wrong. It follows that the one thing we can say about our modern 'knowledge' is that it is wrong.... My answer to him was

Summary

that if one small and obscure observer could so rapidly and completely overthrow everything found true from ancient times up to a hundred years ago, what guarantee was there that any of our contemporary beliefs and theories would fare any better? It is a humbling reminder that our understanding of the universe is limited and subject to constant revision, urging us to approach even our most cherished knowledge with curiosity, openness, and a willingness to challenge what we think we know.

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